The varicose veins of the lower limbs are a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle (in more than 75% of cases) inherent in most modern professions.To stop the first signs of the disease, simply change nutritional habits and increase physical activity.The varicose veins on the legs are heavy with the appearance of trophic ulcers.Consequently, it is inappropriate and dangerous to start the state of health.
What is varicose veins?
The disease is directly linked to the venous blood circulation.The more blood stagnates in the veins, the higher the probability of expanding their walls.A healthy body contributes to a complete blood circulation (in addition to cardiac activity) by a regular reduction in muscle fibers.Thank you to the functioning of the muscles:
- Pressure systematically increases and decreases in ships
- The veins valves work harmoniously: they open and close accordingly the heart rate
- Blood does not have time to stagnate, the speed of its circulation allows you to pump in full passage of the veins
If the arterial blood flow of the legs is facilitated by the power of the attraction, then for the implementation of venous, the body makes additional efforts, pushing the blood from top to heart.The incomplete closure of vein valves is the cause of the destabilization of blood circulation.The staging of the blood between the valves causes an even greater expansion of the veins.This condition is called varicose veins.
Symptoms
If you are not paying attention to the first signs of pathology, there is a high risk of its further progression to more serious stages.The results are potentially disappointing - until the beginning of death.Therefore, do not delay with prevention and therapy, when the following symptoms appear:
- Pain constraint The lower limbs, increased fatigue is noted.
- The veins of a dark shade (bluish or reddish) are curved above the surface of the skin.
- Sprinkling of the legs (with damage to surface and deep veins), sometimes convulsions are possible.
- Pigment spots on the skin of the ankles, legs.
The neglected steps are characterized by the formation of ulcers.Their location is mainly the zone of the leg joints.The above signs indicate a pathogenesis of varicose veins.
Step I and II
They are caused by the presence of pain, the night crises in the legs, a feeling of severity.But diagnostic information does not indicate the presence of the disease.A vascular mesh, bluish nodules or "stars" manifests.The extended vein is visible and palpated.After a net load on the legs or the long -term living room in a seated position, ships increase in volume.
Step III and IV
They are characterized by systematic swelling of the legs, mainly in the evening, when the body manages to tire in one day.In the morning, the symptoms are reduced due to night rest.Here are the predecessors of trophic ulcers:
- The unnatural and dark complexion (to the black) - to an excessive accumulation of pigments.
- Inflammation of the epithelial fabric of various intensities - from minor redness to the vast crying eczu.
- Atrophic process of the epidermis, causing the hollows of a light shade on the skin of the legs.
A trophic ulcer occurs due to a lack of nutrients in the lower limbs.During the last 4 stages of an ulcer, he acquired a chronic character and did not heal long.
Varice steps
Naive patients believe that if the varicose veins manifest themselves visually, there is nothing to fear.The diagnosis can show the presence of a disease even with the most minimal - severity symptoms, periodic tingling and unpleasant in the legs.It is necessary to carefully treat your own sensations, especially with convulsions or pain in calves.The prescribed drugs, therapeutic procedures improve venous permeability in the legs, the state of the cardiovascular system of the whole organism.
Primary
It has an independent form of pathogenesis.It is determined by a genetic predisposition in the context of a congenital anomaly of the connective tissue, of the vascular walls.The disturbed blood circulation in these patients is natural.The factor causing primary varicose veins is:
- Excess body weight of the body
- Pregnancy in which the load on ships increases
- Nososa in the long term or low with tight elastic bands
- Daily activities that suggest a long -term stay in a standing position
If the venous walls are weak from the moment of birth, one of the above circumstances causes the destabilization of blood flow and the development of pathology.
Secondary
Women of reproduction and average age are subject to its development.Secondary varicose veins are a consequence of an inactive lifestyle, hormonal disorders, pregnancy, excessive stress on the legs.Pathology occurs as a complication of the transmitted diseases of the infectious or oncological genesis.The etiology of the disease includes traumatic vascular damage.Degenerative changes lead to the following phenomena:
- damage the integrity of venous valves
- Deterioration of the muscle tone of the vascular walls
- Rare tissue nutrition, lack of oxygen enrichment
- Violation of the flow of blood by passing veins
- Increase in venous pressure
- The appearance of trophic ulcers is the result of late therapy
During the treatment of tumors, infectious diseases of all forms of pathogens, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the legs.It is recommended to make varicose veins and in time appropriate examinations.It is advisable to be in a sitting position less time.The veins of the pelvis and hips are pressed, which negatively affects their tone.
Reasons
The main factor in varicose vein is genetics.In addition, regardless of the organism areas, the disease has been located in relatives.If the genre is inherent in a gene that carries information on the weakness of the blood vessels, sooner or later it will appear if it contributes:
- Sedentary lifestyle, long -term daily work activity in sitting or standing position
- Excessive pressure on the legs associated with lifting or moving weights
- Alcohol abuse, smoking, drugs
- Lack of desire for physical exercises
- Long -term port of high themed shoes
If pathology is already diagnosed, it is necessary to start treatment as quickly as possible.
Valve device violation
According to the results of many clinical studies, the etiopathogenetic mechanisms which lead to varicose veins with a valve deficiency are unknown in a reliable manner.However, it is known that with poor operation, the valves do not completely overlap the light of the vessel, which leads to the circulation of blood and the development of stagnation.This leads to such violations:
- Stretch the veins walls
- reduction of elasticity and the ability to restore the form
- Strengthen blood stagnation
As a result, disturbing symptoms in the form of edema, pain and trophic disorders are manifested.The work of venous valves is influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors: inheritance, pregnancy, weight, physical activity, hormonal restructuring of the body.
Pregnancy
During pregnancy, women are at risk of developing varicose veins.This is due to both hormonal changes and increased load on the internal organs, the lower limbs.With each later pregnancy, the risk of developing vascular violation increases.In this case, varicose veins can affect not only the lower limbs, but also a small pool, lips, a uterus.
Klimal
During menopause, there is a restructuring of the hormonal background, which can lead to an increased risk of varicose veins.Varice can affect not only the legs, but also the organs of the pelvis, which is why violation is often confused with inflammatory diseases: cystitis, endometriosis.The varicose veins occur due to a decrease in the elasticity of the venous walls, as a result of which there is a reversed blood through the vessels.
Prostate adenoma
The adenoma of the prostate is a pathological condition which is accompanied by prostate tissues and urinary exit disturbances.With adenoma, complaints occur:
- UCUBSIANT Mining
- Weakened urine stream
- Involuntary allocation of urine, in particular, at night
After violating the bladder, there is no relief, discomfort, mental stress.With full delay in the urine, the inflammatory process can develop, the risk of stones forming increases.In serious cases, poisoning and kidney failure occur.The absence of high quality therapy of the prostate adenoma is heavy with complications, one of which is varicose veins.
Reception of hormonal contraceptives
The reception of hormonal contraceptives is associated with a high risk of vascular complications: varicose veins, thrombosis.Such a group of drugs causes an effect depending on the dose: an excessive risk of estrogens is assimilated to an increased probability of thrombosis.With a hereditary predisposition to varicose veins, it is recommended to refrain from using hormonal means and to consider the possibility of using other safer contraception methods.
Hereditary predisposition
Hereditary predisposition is one of the key factors that leads to the development of varicose veins.In people with such a risk factor, the formation of a fine vascular mesh is observed.In the first signs of a violation, it is important to direct efforts to prevent additional progression of the disease: use compression knitting, preparations and diosmine based on rutin, prefer moderate physical effort, observe the mode of consumption and make yoga.
Insufficient physical activity
Hypodynamic lifestyle often leads to the progression of varicose veins.The care of the selection of an appropriate physical effort with the existing varicose veins must be negotiated preliminary with a phebologist.Unambiguous advantages are brought to daily walks in the fresh air at a comfortable rate: at least 10,000 steps per day.The venous system likes mobile sports.From a particular advantage to swimming, racing, cycling, Scandinavian walking.It is recommended to exclude the implementation of exercises that can cause traumatic lesions of the lower limbs.
Excess weight
Excess body weight is a risk factor that increases predisposition to the development of varicose veins.The situation is aggravated when other diseases, hormonal changes, bad habits join.People with varicose veins are not recommended to respect a severe diet and a single diet, the weight loss process should therefore be as soft and natural as possible.When the patient directs efforts to normalize body weight, he automatically slows the progression of varicose veins.
At the initial stages of varicose veins, the flow of venous blood slows down under the influence of hereditary and predisposing factors.Excess body weight only exacerbates this situation.Pathological changes inside valves and blood vessels lead to the activation of a special mechanism - "leukocytes rolling".This leads to the accumulation of leukocytes in endothelium layers and the development of inflammatory reactions.The pathological process gradually extends to the entire venous vessel channel, causing slimming and stretching of venous walls, as well as the deformation of the valves.
An unhealthy lifestyle
People who do not adhere to the basic principles of a healthy lifestyle are often faced with varicose veins.The situation is complicated with a motionless or inactive lifestyle, malnutrition, smoking, drinking alcohol, long static standing or seated.Therefore, in order to prevent additional increase in varicose veins, it is necessary to direct the correction efforts of the lifestyle: revise the daily diet, normalize weight, get rid of bad habits.
Leg wounds
Traumatic leg lesions are often complicated by varicose veins.A wide variety of damage can affect the state of valves and veins: a bruise of soft tissue, damage to the joints, a violation of bone integrity.Any injury of muscles, joints and bones leads to edema, violations of the flow of blood in the area of the superficial and deep veins.
Stagnation can be triggered even by minor injuries that require compliance with rest in bed.Bone fractures are associated with a high risk of thrombosis.Medical statistics confirm that the risk of developing varicose veins in people who have undergone foot injuries are several times higher than in the rest.If you are injured, first of all, the efforts are directed for its treatment.In the future, drugs are selected to ensure optimal blood flow and prevent the slimming of blood vessels.It is advisable to use compression knits selected by a phebologist.
Possible complications
In addition to movement difficulties, pain, varicose veins are a threat to blood clots.They stand out, causing a death.Due to the circulation of a torn blood clot, not only the vessels of the limbs, but also the pulmonary artery can suffer from a blood flow.At the same time, thromboembolia is diagnosed with the relief of blood intake to the lung.Often the consequences of varicose veins are:
- phlebitis
- Stagnant dermatitis
- Chronic venous deficiency
- agitated legs syndrome
The septic low thrombophlebiti occurs due to the purulent decomposition of a blood clot in blood plasma.Aseptic phlebitis is a potential complication of injection into the Vienne of special substances in order to blame their light (sclerosis).
Diagnosis
The Doppler study is a standard diagnostic method for varicose veins.It is often used for the primary suspicion of pathology without obvious external signs, gives clear ideas on its presence or its absence.UZDS - Ultrasonic duplex digitization, refers to professional research methods.By combining the possibilities of ultrasound and doppleography, UZD can show:
- Crossed section size of Vienna
- The speed of movement, the direction and the intensity of the blood circulation (images of the color coding are displayed on the monitor of the medical equipment)
- The state of the valves, the venous walls (thanks to the topography of ships)
- Specific location of expansion
- The presence of blood clots, other obstacles to complete blood circulation
Duplex diagnostics - "Gold Standard" among other methods of studying varicose veins on the legs.These include: occlusive platyismography, phleboscintography by radionuclid, reflective rheography, photopletsmographies, CT, X-ray contact phlebography, direct phlebotonometry.With their help, the feasibility of the surgical intervention is revealed.Procedures help identify the quantity and location of blood clots, pressure inside the veins, the characteristics of blood flow disorders.
Treatment
At the initial stage of the development of the disease, the means of local use - the cream, the ointments help effectively.Such therapy is practical for domestic use.Only a few uses are able to reduce symptoms of surface veins expansion of 43% in 10-14 days a day.Another way to strengthen the elasticity of the veins is a contrast shower or a bathing bath.Under the influence of the temperature difference, the vessels expand and narrow, thus improving their tone.For prevention and therapy of varicose veins, they also use:
- The use of a decoction of chamomile and mint, alcohol dye on the flowers of white acacia.
- Chestnut tincture wrap on horseback.
- Rub in places affected by apple cider vinegar, containing many trace elements, vitamins.
- Compress with white, blue or green clay, which can be found in a pharmacy.The recommended frequency of the procedure is twice a week.
Traditional medicine recipes complete the prescribed drug treatment.But the following methods can only be applied after the approval of a phebologist.The purpose of therapy is to restore the integrity and performance of the veins.There are 2 ways to get there: grab (glue) or cut blood vessels.
Laser treatment
The technique is based on the use of thermal properties of laser radiation.Light approval, introduced under local anesthesia in Vienna, increases the temperature of blood hemoglobin, following which the walls of the vessel are "sealed" from the inside.The exit of the blood is redistributed to deeper veins.The radiation generated is pointed out, so it does not harm the surrounding tissues.
After a while, the new cells formed are absorbed.After the procedure, it is recommended to use a specialized knit of a compression type.It is important to abstain from excessive physical effort and wear heels.Thanks to laser coagulation, it becomes possible to overcome the varicose veins in an essential and not very invasive way.
Sclerotherapy
It is prescribed in the initial stages of the disease with a slight expansion of the veins.Allows you to regulate the light of the small vessels among the "grids" or the "stars".The procedure is a standard injection without pain relief, the average duration of handling is 7 to 14 minutes.The sclerosing substance fulfills the collage function with the subsequent resorption of the recently formed connective structure.Consequently, the varicose veins stopped in 10-14 days.The relapse of symptoms requires revolutionary sclerotherapy in exceptional cases.
Low and tights
Compression underwear is classified by the length of: golf courses (knee), low (thigh), tights (size).They are recommended to patients during physical activity (including simulators or in a fitness room).Compression linen is indicated for long -term movements or, conversely, with a long stay in a sitting position.Medical knits contribute to blood circulation in difficult times for blood vessels.
The advantages of tights are invaluable: they compress the veins, improving blood circulation.Their specificity of production is based on the main function - to help blood move from low to heart.Therefore, in the ankle area, are hard and higher - become more free.A similar objective in elastic bandages that contribute to the elimination of discomfort, discomfort.But knitting is more practical, comfortable in the process of implementation, withdrawal, operating.Its voltage power is installed by the manufacturer and the probability of sliding on the skin is minimal.
Surgery
It is prescribed at the extreme stages of pathology, when the rest of the therapeutic methods are ineffective.The most common operation is phleectomy (resection of large vessels).Also kept:
- Surgical interventions on a Saffer-Focus and Saffer-Fenome Sud
- Amputation of the trunk of a large subcutaneous vein
- Intravasal plastic of deep ships
Many have an opinion on the inadequacy of the elimination of the veins if they do not interfere with life.However, surgeons have their arguments on this subject: to stop the danger of the formation of blood clots - first of all.A major role is played by the professionalism of the surgeon.
Rehabilitation after surgery
Includes standard recommendations for the failure of lymphovenosis:
- Mobility activation according to authorized standards established by the doctor.You must first knead your legs at least occasionally, then go to physiotherapy exercises.
- Wearing an elastic laundry in class 1-2 compression.An alternative - bandage with the imposition of the fixing of visits.
- The use of vintonic drugs: all kinds of ointments include and not only.Under severe conditions of the patient, local treatment with ointments containing heparin, antibacterials and hormonal drugs is prescribed.Their objective is to reduce swelling, dermatosis symptoms, dermatoliplexerosis;Improve microcirculation of soft tissue.
- Physiotherapy: Massage of lymphatic drainage (if there are no complications, for example, lymphores and injuries heal), magnetotherapy (up to 8 procedures for the whole rehabilitation period).
- The relief of hematomas, pain, inflammatory processes thanks to the use of polyfeing drugs, with the pentoxyphillin, antiplatelet content.
With a responsible approach to the above measures, the recovery period must not exceed 3 weeks, the maximum - one month.The procedures minimize the risk of blood clots, reduce the rehabilitation period.Contribute to the fast catering of the full blood circulation, the ability to work.Immediately after the operation, the location of the legs in a slightly raised condition contributes to better blood circulation.The steps can only be taken for 2 days, exclusively with support for compression knitting to prevent relapse.During the postoperative period, it is strictly prohibited:
- Take hot baths or a shower
- lift the gravity, submit the body with excessive charges
- Use a hard toilet glove and body care products (hygiene procedures should only be performed with lukewarm water)
- Remove the crusts from the scientist injury spaces
- Subject to an exploited soft tissue infection (for the prevention of complications, local antiseptic agents are used)
- Violates the prescribed diet and a calm lifestyle
The diet is necessary to include fresh vegetables, fruits, as well as green vegetables that "alcalize" the body.Cook all the dishes using purified water.Salt is preferable to replace the sea - it does not contain foreign impurities that scratch ships from the interior.
Prevention
In order to avoid varicose veins on the legs, simply observe the main condition - daily, but moderate physical activity is necessary.Even patients with congenital abnormalities in the venous walls can avoid the disease if the following recommendations are followed:
- Carrying out an electromyostimulation of the legs is a simple but useful procedure available for everyone to use at home.Just buy a neuromuscular stimulant in the pharmacy and use it in accordance with the instructions.
- During flights or long journeys, the legs should be massaged - independently, using pinching, tingling light.Massage will eliminate stagnant phenomena from the lower limbs.
- Do not get involved in wearing close model shoes: the height of the heel is directly proportional to the level of development risk of varicose veins.
- Driving cold water is an effective way to tone the cardiovascular system.
After a long stay in a sitting position, you must walk or roll in a standing position from the toe to the heel.The recommendations listed are useful for people with office work, help minimize the risk of varicose veins for drivers and sellers.