In order to navigate the choice of treatment methods for this disease, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of what constitutes varicose veins and what causes the onset of the disease. Thus, varicose veins are a serious disease, the end result of which is the stretching and widening of the veins and blood vessels of the circulatory system with an irreversible course.
As a result of the thinning of the walls and their expansion, in this scenario, the formation of knots can be observed on the veins, characterized by the presence of insufficiency of vascular valves due to genetic pathology. As for the prescription for the detection of varicose veins, its external manifestations were noticed relatively long ago. Renowned physicians such as Hippocrates and Galena made repeated attempts to cure venous disease, but unfortunately they were unsuccessful.
Today, this disease is one of the most common. This is due to a number of reasons, including the very nature of the appearance of varicose veins. The provoking factors contributing to the appearance of varicose veins are:
- hereditary predisposition
- taking hormonal drugs
- pregnancy
- overweight and obesity
- lack of physical activity and maintenance of a sedentary lifestyle
Ultimately, the disease leads to an increase in venous pressure and a deterioration in the functional characteristics of the venous valves. As a result, a sluggish and chaotic blood flow is caused, in which it stagnates in the veins and blood vessels. The venous walls end up stretching, thinning and the vessels deforming.
As complications of the disease, there are such manifestations as a disturbed process of blood circulation in the veins of the legs. Over time, they begin to act as the causes of the aggravation and development of this disease, significantly increasing the pressure on the venous system. Very often, especially in the female half of the population, the appearance of varicose veins is explained by hormonal imbalances.
Modern methods of treating varicose veins
Thanks to many years of research on the problem, scientists and medical professors have managed to develop many methods and methods of treating varicose veins. Modern methods of treating varicose veins should be used in strict accordance with the severity of the disease. Although at an advanced stage, there are several treatment options leading to the same goal: the elimination of stretched vascular tissue in different ways.
At the initial stage, it is advisable to use an integrated approach to the process, including increased physical activity, therapeutic exercises, wearing products of their compression stockings in order to tighten superficial manifestations, the organization of restand work activity taking into account the disease.
It should be noted that varicose veins are most often affected by the lower extremities, although the disease can also manifest in other parts of the human body, for example, in the stomach, esophagus, pelvis, ovariesand the spermatic cord. Often, in addition to preventive measures, patients require more radical treatment. The most commonly used methods at the current stage include:
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the legs
- Hirudotherapy - treatment with leeches
- Sclerotherapy - the introduction of a special liquid composition into the vessel
- Leg vein laser treatment
- radiofrequency ablation
- pharmacotherapy
- elastic compression
Surgical treatment of varicose veins
Surgical treatment is a radical method that is used in the presence of varicose veins in the legs. Surgical intervention in modern clinics is performed at a sufficiently high level, which makes it possible not to be in the hospital after treatment.
Also, depending on the patient's desire, anesthesia can be both general and local, in which it is possible to be fully conscious during the operation. Among the main surgical methods of treatment, it is possible to distinguish the following:
- sclerotherapy method. It is produced by introducing a special agent, as a result of which a scar forms on the necessary area of the stretched vein. This technique is acceptable for venous expansions of low and moderate severity. Its main advantages include that the procedure is easily tolerated, performed under local anesthesia and leads to the desired result when performed correctly. In some cases, a repeated operation is necessary until the complete disappearance of the pathology.
- laser surgery treatment. This technique is effective for all varicose veins. The affected vein is irradiated with a laser from the inside through a light guide inserted into it, which is connected to the laser. The whole process is controlled by an ultrasound machine. After treating the intended vein with a laser, its walls are glued together. Over time, the vein undergoes complete disappearance. The advantage of this technique is that it is practically bloodless without incisions in the upper layer of the epidermis and soft tissues. With the help of laser surgery, it is relatively easy to remove all stretched and damaged veins and vessels and even heal trophic ulcers.
- removal of the vein by direct surgery. Surgery for varicose veins in the legs involves making small incisions in the skin and soft tissue underneath to reach the necessary veins. The damaged veins are removed and bandaged inside. Like any complex operation, the technique is applied with the mandatory use of anesthesia. It is advisable to perform operations on large veins with a large diameter
- removal of varicose veins using outpatient phlebectomy. The technique is applicable for small diameter veins. It is performed by making the necessary skin incisions under local anesthesia. The main advantage of the operation is that the resulting scars become almost invisible after a while.
- removal of deformed veins using endoscopic equipment. The technique has found its application in the presence of pathological ulcer formations on the skin. A microscopic video camera is inserted directly inside the vessel, through which it is possible to see the vein from the inside and monitor the operation. The vein is removed under supervision in the entrance camera.
Conservative treatments for varicose veins
The conduct of conservative treatment of varicose veins without surgery has not lost its relevance with progressive radical methods.
One of the most effective means is elastic compression. Wearing special knit tights ensures the correct distribution of pressure on the affected areas of the legs.
Such a measure contributes to the normalization of blood circulation abilities, improving its outflow. Dense elastic tissue performs the function of a supporting frame, which reduces the load on the vessels and prevents the progression of the disease.
In this scenario, the possible risk of blood clots is reduced. At present, both therapeutic and preventive knitwear are produced. Depending on the degree and shape of varicose veins, wearing products with a certain impact force is prescribed.
It is strongly recommended to use this technique for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle, pregnant women, those who are genetically predisposed to the possibility of the appearance of this disease, as well as in the presence of minor visible manifestations.
Pharmacotherapy is now used as an adjunctive measure based on surgical treatment. With the help of drugs, it is possible to significantly alleviate the patient's condition and reduce negative manifestations, such as pain, swelling, the appearance of discomfort and convulsions.
Of great importance here is the correct selection of funds, which will provide an integrated approach to the implementation of therapeutic measures and achieve the desired effect. The drug is able to neutralize the active process of intravascular inflammation, significantly reduce the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and improve venous tone.
The question of when it is better to start treating varicose veins can be answered: it is necessary to start therapeutic measures as soon as possible, at the first signs of the manifestation of the disease.